During the Spring Festival of 2020, a sudden new coronavirus was spreading unscrupulously from person to person in Wuhan. As a result, the designated hospitals for infectious diseases in Wuhan were overcrowded, and many infected people could not be hospitalized. So the state decided to build two hospitals. Huoshenshan Hospital and Leishenshan Hospital are required to be completed in the shortest possible time. The hospital under construction this time adopts the best modular houses in the current domestic temporary construction projects. Compared with the traditional color steel houses installed on site, the container mobile houses (box-type board houses) are used. It is much better in terms of installation speed and practicality.
The design of an infectious disease hospital is different from the architectural design of general general hospitals. The design principle of an infectious disease hospital is to cut off the chain of infection and control the source of infection in three aspects: pathogen, host, and environment. In terms of plane layout, it is necessary to clarify the functional zoning, and clarify the clean and dirty zoning and diversion of each department. In terms of plane layout, the medical area should be clearly divided into three areas: clean area, semi-clean area or semi-polluted area, and polluted area. Three streamlines should be clearly distinguished on the streamline: clean route, semi-polluted route, and polluted route. Special attention should be paid to the relative division of the patient activity area and the medical staff work area in the medical area to reduce the chance of mutual infection between clean and polluted people and logistics.
Difficulties in the design of infectious disease hospitals are: 1. Confining the contaminated area and disinfecting it on the spot; 2. Controlling the intermediate area to reduce contamination; 3. Protecting the clean area from contamination. At the same time, the design should consider the medical environment for patients to see a doctor, as well as the environmental space of the medical staff who work here for a long time, and try to create a humanized, green and ecological indoor and outdoor environment.
Since 2015, the country has been vigorously promoting the development of prefabricated buildings. After continuous research and development and practice by enterprises in the whole industry chain such as design, production and construction, container movable houses (box-type board houses) have gradually realized factory production, The effect of rapid assembly on site.
Container house (box-type board house) is a form of prefabricated building. It divides traditional houses into building module units with a single room or a certain three-dimensional building space. Each unit is prefabricated in the factory and refined. Decoration, a new type of architectural form in which units are transported to the construction site for assembly and connection. The structure of a modular building is composed of several stable and self-supporting space substructures, which are spliced vertically and horizontally in an appropriate way to form a complete structural system. In terms of the construction method, the frame processing, envelope production, pipeline installation and even fine decoration of the modular steel structure have all been completed in the factory, and then the manufactured units are transported to the site for assembly, so the construction period on site can be shortened to very short. The construction time of Huoshenshan Hospital and Leishenshan Hospital in Wuhan is very short, so the form of modular building is adopted. The whole building is composed of several 6m*3m container movable rooms.
A number of 6m*3m container houses have formed different functional divisions such as wards, toilets, buffer rooms, patient corridors, medical corridors, etc. through different combinations of horizontal and vertical directions, basically solving the problem of streamline and partition problem.
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